§ 31102. Waiver of immunity

• (a) A civil action in personam in admiralty may be brought, or an impleader filed, against the United States for—
  • (1) damages caused by a public vessel of the United States; or
  • (2) compensation for towage and salvage services, including contract salvage, rendered to a public vessel of the United States.
• (b) If the United States brings a civil action in admiralty for damages caused by a privately owned vessel, the owner of the vessel, or the successor in interest, may file a counterclaim in personam, or claim a setoff, against the United States for damages arising out of the same subject matter.