§ 8901. Definition of Administrator

In this chapter, the term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.

§ 8911. Monitoring and detection

• (a)
  • (1) The Administrator shall include each substance described in paragraph (2) in the fifth publication of the list of unregulated contaminants to be monitored under section 300j–4(a)(2)(B)(i) of title 42 .
  • (2) The substances referred to in paragraph (1) are perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and classes of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances—
    • (A) for which a method to measure the level in drinking water has been validated by the Administrator; and
    • (B) that are not subject to a national primary drinking water regulation.
  • (3) The perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and classes of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances included in the list of unregulated contaminants to be monitored under section 300j–4(a)(2)(B)(i) of title 42 under paragraph (1) shall not count towards the limit of 30 unregulated contaminants to be monitored by public water systems under that section.
• (b)
  • (1) The Administrator shall—
    • (A) require public water systems serving more than 10,000 persons to monitor for the substances described in subsection (a)(2);
    • (B) subject to paragraph (2) and the availability of appropriations, require public water systems serving not fewer than 3,300 and not more than 10,000 persons to monitor for the substances described in subsection (a)(2); and
    • (C) subject to paragraph (2) and the availability of appropriations, ensure that only a representative sample of public water systems serving fewer than 3,300 persons are required to monitor for the substances described in subsection (a)(2).
  • (2) If the Administrator determines that there is not sufficient laboratory capacity to carry out the monitoring required under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph (1), the Administrator may waive the monitoring requirements in those subparagraphs.
  • (3) The Administrator shall pay the reasonable cost of such testing and laboratory analysis as is necessary to carry out the monitoring required under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of paragraph (1) using—
    • (A) funds made available pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(H) or subsection (j)(5) of section 300j–4 of title 42 ; or
    • (B) any other funds made available for that purpose.

§ 8921. Additions to toxics release inventory

• (a) In this section, the term “toxics release inventory” means the list of toxic chemicals subject to the requirements of section 11023(c) of title 42 .
• (b)
  • (1) Subject to subsection (e), beginning January 1 of the calendar year following December 20, 2019 , the following chemicals shall be deemed to be included in the toxics release inventory:
    • (A) Perfluorooctanoic acid (commonly referred to as “PFOA”) (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 335–67–1).
    • (B) The salts associated with the chemical described in subparagraph (A) (Chemical Abstracts Service Nos. 3825–26–1, 335–95–5, and 68141–02–6).
    • (C) Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (commonly referred to as “PFOS”) (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 1763–23–1).
    • (D) The salts associated with the chemical described in subparagraph (C) (Chemical Abstracts Service Nos. 2795–39–3, 29457–72–5, 56773–42–3, 29081–56–9, and 70225–14–8).
    • (E) A perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances that is—
      • (i) listed as an active chemical substance in the February 2019 update to the inventory under section 2607(b)(1) of this title ; and
      • (ii) on December 20, 2019 , subject to the provisions of—
        • (I) section 721.9582 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations; or
        • (II) section 721.10536 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations.
    • (F) Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (commonly referred to as “GenX”) (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 13252–13–6).
    • (G) The compound associated with the chemical described in subparagraph (F) identified by Chemical Abstracts Service No. 62037–80–3.
    • (H) Perfluorononanoic acid (commonly referred to as “PFNA”) (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 375–95–1).
    • (I) Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (commonly referred to as “PFHxS”) (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 355–46–4).
  • (2)
    • (A) Subject to subparagraph (B), the threshold for reporting the chemicals described in paragraph (1) under section 11023 of title 42 is 100 pounds.
    • (B) Not later than 5 years after December 20, 2019 , the Administrator shall—
      • (i) determine whether revision of the threshold under subparagraph (A) is warranted for any chemical described in paragraph (1); and
      • (ii) if the Administrator determines a revision to be warranted under clause (i), initiate a revision under section 11023(f)(2) of title 42 .
• (c)
  • (1)
    • (A) Subject to subsection (e), notwithstanding section 11023 of title 42 , a perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances not described in subsection (b)(1) shall be deemed to be included in the toxics release inventory beginning January 1 of the calendar year after any of the following dates:
      • (i) The date on which the Administrator finalizes a toxicity value for the perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances.
      • (ii) The date on which the Administrator makes a covered determination for the perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances.
      • (iii) The date on which the perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances is added to a list of substances covered by a covered determination.
      • (iv) The date on which the perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances to which a covered determination applies is—
        • (I) added to the list published under paragraph (1) of section 2607(b) of this title and designated as an active chemical substance under paragraph (5)(A) of such section; or
        • (II) designated as an active chemical substance on such list under paragraph (5)(B) of such section.
    • (B) For purposes of this paragraph, a covered determination is a determination made, by rule, under section 2604(a)(2) of this title that a use of a perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances is a significant new use (except such a determination made in connection with a determination described in section 2604(a)(3)(B) or section 2604(a)(3)(C) of this title ).
  • (2)
    • (A) Subject to subparagraph (B), notwithstanding subsection (f)(1) of section 11023 of title 42 , the threshold for reporting under such section 11023 of title 42 the substances and classes of substances included in the toxics release inventory under paragraph (1) is 100 pounds.
    • (B) Not later than 5 years after the date on which a perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances is included in the toxics release inventory under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall—
      • (i) determine whether revision of the threshold under subparagraph (A) is warranted for the substance or class of substances; and
      • (ii) if the Administrator determines a revision to be warranted under clause (i), initiate a revision under section 11023(f)(2) of title 42 .
• (d)
  • (1) Not later than 2 years after December 20, 2019 , the Administrator shall determine whether the substances and classes of substances described in paragraph (2) meet any one of the criteria described in section 11023(d)(2) of title 42 for inclusion in the toxics release inventory.
  • (2) The substances and classes of substances referred to in paragraph (1) are perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and classes of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances not described in subsection (b)(1), including—
    • (A) perfluoro[(2-pentafluoroethoxy-ethoxy)acetic acid] ammonium salt (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 908020–52–0);
    • (B) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro 2–(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro)–2–(trifluoromethoxy) propanoyl fluoride (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 2479–75–6);
    • (C) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro 2–(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro)–2–(trifluoromethoxy) propionic acid (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 2479–73–4);
    • (D) 3H-perfluoro-3-[(3-methoxy-propoxy) propanoic acid] (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 919005–14–4);
    • (E) the salts associated with the chemical described in subparagraph (D) (Chemical Abstracts Service Nos. 958445–44–8, 1087271–46–2, and NOCAS 892452);
    • (F) 1-octanesulfonic acid 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-tridecafluoro-potassium salt (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 59587–38–1);
    • (G) perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 375–73–5);
    • (H) 1–Butanesulfonic acid, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluoro-potassium salt (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 29420–49–3);
    • (I) the component associated with the chemical described in subparagraph (H) (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 45187–15–3);
    • (J) heptafluorobutyric acid (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 375–22–4);
    • (K) perfluorohexanoic acid (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 307–24–4);
    • (L) the compound associated with the chemical described in subsection (b)(1)(F) identified by Chemical Abstracts Service No. 2062–98–8;
    • (M) perfluoroheptanoic acid (commonly referred to as “PFHpA”) (Chemical Abstracts Service No. 375–85–9);
    • (N) each perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances for which a method to measure levels in drinking water has been validated by the Administrator; and
    • (O) a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances other than the chemicals described in subparagraphs (A) through (N) that is used to manufacture fluorinated polymers, as determined by the Administrator.
  • (3) Subject to subsection (e), if the Administrator determines under paragraph (1) that a substance or a class of substances described in paragraph (2) meets any one of the criteria described in section 11023(d)(2) of title 42 , the Administrator shall revise the toxics release inventory in accordance with such section 11023(d) of title 42 to include that substance or class of substances not later than 2 years after the date on which the Administrator makes the determination.
• (e)
  • (1) Prior to including on the toxics release inventory pursuant to subsection (b)(1), (c)(1), or (d)(3) any perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances the chemical identity of which is subject to a claim of a person of protection from disclosure under subsection (a) of section 552 of title 5 , pursuant to subsection (b)(4) of that section, the Administrator shall—
    • (A) review any such claim of protection from disclosure; and
    • (B) require that person to reassert and substantiate or resubstantiate that claim in accordance with section 2613(f) of this title .
  • (2) If the Administrator determines that the chemical identity of a perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance or class of perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances qualifies for protection from disclosure pursuant to paragraph (1), the Administrator shall include the substance or class of substances, as applicable, on the toxics release inventory in a manner that does not disclose the protected information.

§ 8931. Definitions

In this subchapter:

• (1) The term “Director” means the Director of the United States Geological Survey.
• (2)
  • (A) The term “highly fluorinated compound” means a perfluoroalkyl substance or a polyfluoroalkyl substance with at least one fully fluorinated carbon atom.
  • (B) In this paragraph:
    • (i) The term “fully fluorinated carbon atom” means a carbon atom on which all the hydrogen substituents have been replaced by fluorine.
    • (ii) The term “perfluoroalkyl substance” means a chemical of which all of the carbon atoms are fully fluorinated carbon atoms.
    • (iii) The term “polyfluoroalkyl substance” means a chemical containing at least one fully fluorinated carbon atom and at least one carbon atom that is not a fully fluorinated carbon atom.

§ 8932. Performance standard for the detection of highly fluorinated compounds

• (a) The Director, in consultation with the Administrator, shall establish a performance standard for the detection of highly fluorinated compounds.
• (b)
  • (1) In developing the performance standard under subsection (a), the Director shall emphasize the ability to detect as many highly fluorinated compounds present in the environment as possible using validated analytical methods that—
    • (A) achieve limits of quantitation (as defined in the document of the United States Geological Survey entitled “Analytical Methods for Chemical Analysis of Geologic and Other Materials, U.S. Geological Survey” and dated 2002); and
    • (B) are as sensitive as is feasible and practicable.
  • (2) In developing the performance standard under subsection (a), the Director may—
    • (A) develop quality assurance and quality control measures to ensure accurate sampling and testing;
    • (B) develop a training program with respect to the appropriate method of sample collection and analysis of highly fluorinated compounds; and
    • (C) coordinate as necessary with the Administrator, including, if appropriate, to develop methods to detect individual and different highly fluorinated compounds simultaneously.

§ 8933. Nationwide sampling

• (a) The Director shall carry out a nationwide sampling to determine the concentration of highly fluorinated compounds in estuaries, lakes, streams, springs, wells, wetlands, rivers, aquifers, and soil using the performance standard developed under section 8932(a) of this title .
• (b) In carrying out the sampling under subsection (a), the Director shall—
  • (1) first carry out the sampling at sources of drinking water near locations with known or suspected releases of highly fluorinated compounds;
  • (2) when carrying out sampling of sources of drinking water under paragraph (1), carry out the sampling prior to and, at the request of the Administrator, after any treatment of the water;
  • (3) survey for ecological exposure to highly fluorinated compounds, with a priority in determining direct human exposure through drinking water; and
  • (4) consult with—
    • (A) States to determine areas that are a priority for sampling; and
    • (B) the Administrator—
      • (i) to enhance coverage of the sampling; and
      • (ii) to avoid unnecessary duplication.
• (c) Not later than 120 days after the completion of the sampling under subsection (a), the Director shall prepare a report describing the results of the sampling and submit the report to—
  • (1) the Committee on Environment and Public Works and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate;
  • (2) the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives;
  • (3) the Senators of each State in which the Director carried out the sampling; and
  • (4) each Member of the House of Representatives who represents a district in which the Director carried out the sampling.

§ 8934. Data usage

• (a) The Director shall provide the sampling data collected under section 8933 of this title to—
  • (1) the Administrator; and
  • (2) other Federal and State regulatory agencies on request.
• (b) The sampling data provided under subsection (a) shall be used to inform and enhance assessments of exposure, likely health and environmental impacts, and remediation priorities.

§ 8935. Collaboration

In carrying out this subchapter, the Director shall collaborate with—

• (1) appropriate Federal and State regulators;
• (2) institutions of higher education;
• (3) research institutions; and
• (4) other expert stakeholders.

§ 8951. Definitions

In this subchapter:

• (1) The term “contaminant” means any physical, chemical, biological, or radiological substance or matter in water.
• (2) The terms “contaminant of emerging concern” and “emerging contaminant” mean a contaminant—
  • (A) for which the Administrator has not promulgated a national primary drinking water regulation; and
  • (B) that may have an adverse effect on the health of individuals.
• (3) The term “Federal research strategy” means the coordinated cross-agency plan for addressing critical research gaps related to detecting, assessing exposure to, and identifying the adverse health effects of emerging contaminants in drinking water developed by the Office of Science and Technology Policy in response to the report of the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate accompanying S. 1662 of the 115th Congress (S. Rept. 115–139).
• (4) The term “technical assistance and support” includes—
  • (A) assistance with—
    • (i) identifying appropriate analytical methods for the detection of contaminants;
    • (ii) understanding the strengths and limitations of the analytical methods described in clause (i);
    • (iii) troubleshooting the analytical methods described in clause (i);
  • (B) providing advice on laboratory certification program elements;
  • (C) interpreting sample analysis results;
  • (D) providing training with respect to proper analytical techniques;
  • (E) identifying appropriate technology for the treatment of contaminants; and
  • (F) analyzing samples, if—
    • (i) the analysis cannot be otherwise 1 1 So in original. obtained in a practicable manner otherwise; 1 and
    • (ii) the capability and capacity to perform the analysis is available at a Federal facility.
• (5) The term “Working Group” means the Working Group established under section 8952(b)(1) of this title .

§ 8952. Research and coordination plan for enhanced response on emerging contaminants

• (a) The Administrator shall—
  • (1) review Federal efforts—
    • (A) to identify, monitor, and assist in the development of treatment methods for emerging contaminants; and
    • (B) to assist States in responding to the human health risks posed by contaminants of emerging concern; and
  • (2) in collaboration with owners and operators of public water systems, States, and other interested stakeholders, establish a strategic plan for improving the Federal efforts referred to in paragraph (1).
• (b)
  • (1) Not later than 180 days after December 20, 2019 , the Administrator and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall jointly establish a Working Group to coordinate the activities of the Federal Government to identify and analyze the public health effects of drinking water contaminants of emerging concern.
  • (2) The Working Group shall include representatives of the following:
    • (A) The Environmental Protection Agency, appointed by the Administrator.
    • (B) The following agencies, appointed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services:
      • (i) The National Institutes of Health.
      • (ii) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
      • (iii) The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
    • (C) The United States Geological Survey, appointed by the Secretary of the Interior.
    • (D) Any other Federal agency the assistance of which the Administrator determines to be necessary to carry out this subsection, appointed by the head of the respective agency.
  • (3) The Administrator may expand or modify the duties of an existing working group to perform the duties of the Working Group under this subsection.
• (c)
  • (1)
    • (A) Not later than 180 days after December 20, 2019 , the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (referred to in this subsection as the “Director”) shall coordinate with the heads of the agencies described in subparagraph (C) to establish a research initiative, to be known as the “National Emerging Contaminant Research Initiative”, that shall—
      • (i) use the Federal research strategy to improve the identification, analysis, monitoring, and treatment methods of contaminants of emerging concern; and
      • (ii) develop any necessary program, policy, or budget to support the implementation of the Federal research strategy, including mechanisms for joint agency review of research proposals, for interagency cofunding of research activities, and for information sharing across agencies.
    • (B) In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Director shall—
      • (i) take into consideration consensus conclusions from peer-reviewed, pertinent research on emerging contaminants; and
      • (ii) in consultation with the Administrator, identify priority emerging contaminants for research emphasis.
    • (C) The agencies referred to in subparagraph (A) include—
      • (i) the National Science Foundation;
      • (ii) the National Institutes of Health;
      • (iii) the Environmental Protection Agency;
      • (iv) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
      • (v) the United States Geological Survey; and
      • (vi) any other Federal agency that contributes to research in water quality, environmental exposures, and public health, as determined by the Director.
    • (D) In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Director shall consult with nongovernmental organizations, State and local governments, and science and research institutions determined by the Director to have scientific or material interest in the National Emerging Contaminant Research Initiative.
  • (2)
    • (A) Not later than 1 year after the date on which the Director and heads of the agencies described in paragraph (1)(C) establish the National Emerging Contaminant Research Initiative under paragraph (1)(A), the head of each agency described in paragraph (1)(C) shall—
      • (i) issue a solicitation for research proposals consistent with the Federal research strategy and that agency’s mission; and
      • (ii) make grants to applicants that submit research proposals consistent with the Federal research strategy and in accordance with subparagraph (B).
    • (B) The head of each agency described in paragraph (1)(C) shall select research proposals to receive grants under this paragraph on the basis of merit, using criteria identified by the head of each such agency, including the likelihood that the proposed research will result in significant progress toward achieving the objectives identified in the Federal research strategy.
    • (C) Any entity or group of 2 or more entities may submit to the head of each agency described in paragraph (1)(C) a research proposal in response to the solicitation for research proposals described in subparagraph (A)(i), including, consistent with that agency’s grant policies—
      • (i) State and local agencies;
      • (ii) public institutions, including public institutions of higher education;
      • (iii) private corporations; and
      • (iv) nonprofit organizations.
• (d)
  • (1)
    • (A) Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2019 , the Administrator shall conduct a study on actions the Administrator can take to increase technical assistance and support for States with respect to emerging contaminants in drinking water samples.
    • (B) In carrying out the study described in subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall identify—
      • (i) methods and effective treatment options to increase technical assistance and support with respect to emerging contaminants to States, including identifying opportunities for States to improve communication with various audiences about the risks associated with emerging contaminants;
      • (ii) means to facilitate access to qualified contract testing laboratory facilities that conduct analyses for emerging contaminants; and
      • (iii) actions to be carried out at existing Federal laboratory facilities, including the research facilities of the Administrator, to provide technical assistance and support for States that require testing facilities for emerging contaminants.
    • (C) In carrying out the study described in subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall consider—
      • (i) the availability of—
        • (I) Federal and non-Federal laboratory capacity; and
        • (II) validated methods to detect and analyze contaminants; and
      • (ii) other factors determined to be appropriate by the Administrator.
  • (2) Not later than 18 months after December 20, 2019 , the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report describing the results of the study described in paragraph (1).
  • (3)
    • (A) Not later than 3 years after December 20, 2019 , based on the findings in the report described in paragraph (2), the Administrator shall develop a program to provide technical assistance and support to eligible States for the testing and analysis of emerging contaminants.
    • (B)
      • (i) To be eligible for technical assistance and support under this paragraph, a State shall submit to the Administrator an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Administrator may require.
      • (ii) The Administrator shall evaluate an application for technical assistance and support under this paragraph on the basis of merit using criteria identified by the Administrator, including—
        • (I) the laboratory facilities available to the State;
        • (II) the availability and applicability of existing analytical methodologies;
        • (III) the potency and severity of the emerging contaminant, if known; and
        • (IV) the prevalence and magnitude of the emerging contaminant.
      • (iii) In selecting States to receive technical assistance and support under this paragraph, the Administrator—
        • (I) shall give priority to States with affected areas primarily in financially distressed communities;
        • (II) may—
        • (III) shall consider the relative expertise and availability of—
    • (C) The Administrator shall establish and maintain a database of resources available through the program developed under subparagraph (A) to assist States with testing for emerging contaminants that—
      • (i) is—
        • (I) available to States and stakeholder groups determined by the Administrator to have scientific or material interest in emerging contaminants, including—
        • (II) searchable; and
        • (III) accessible through the website of the Administrator; and
      • (ii) includes a description of—
        • (I) qualified contract testing laboratory facilities that conduct analyses for emerging contaminants; and
        • (II) the resources available in Federal laboratory facilities to test for emerging contaminants.
    • (D) The Administrator shall integrate the database established under subparagraph (C) into the Water Contaminant Information Tool of the Environmental Protection Agency.
  • (4) Of the amounts available to the Administrator, the Administrator may use not more than $15,000,000 in a fiscal year to carry out this subsection.
• (e) Not less frequently than once every 2 years until 2029, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report that describes the progress made in carrying out this subchapter.
• (f) Nothing in this section modifies any obligation of a State, local government, or Indian Tribe with respect to treatment methods for, or testing or monitoring of, drinking water.

§ 8961. PFAS destruction and disposal guidance

• (a) Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2019 , the Administrator shall publish interim guidance on the destruction and disposal of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and materials containing perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, including—
  • (1) aqueous film-forming foam;
  • (2) soil and biosolids;
  • (3) textiles, other than consumer goods, treated with perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances;
  • (4) spent filters, membranes, resins, granular carbon, and other waste from water treatment;
  • (5) landfill leachate containing perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances; and
  • (6) solid, liquid, or gas waste streams containing perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from facilities manufacturing or using perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances.
• (b) The interim guidance under subsection (a) shall—
  • (1) take into consideration—
    • (A) the potential for releases of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances during destruction or disposal, including through volatilization, air dispersion, or leachate; and
    • (B) potentially vulnerable populations living near likely destruction or disposal sites; and
  • (2) provide guidance on testing and monitoring air, effluent, and soil near potential destruction or disposal sites for releases described in paragraph (1)(A).
• (c) The Administrator shall publish revisions to the interim guidance under subsection (a) as the Administrator determines to be appropriate, but not less frequently than once every 3 years.

§ 8962. PFAS research and development

• (a) The Administrator, acting through the Assistant Administrator for the Office of Research and Development, shall—
  • (1)
    • (A) further examine the effects of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances on human health and the environment; and
    • (B) make publicly available information relating to the findings under subparagraph (A);
  • (2) develop a process for prioritizing which perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or classes of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, should be subject to additional research efforts that is based on—
    • (A) the potential for human exposure to the substances or classes of substances;
    • (B) the potential toxicity of the substances or classes of substances; and
    • (C) information available about the substances or classes of substances;
  • (3) develop new tools to characterize and identify perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment, including in drinking water, wastewater, surface water, groundwater, solids, and the air;
  • (4) evaluate approaches for the remediation of contamination by perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment; and
  • (5) develop and implement new tools and materials to communicate with the public about perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances.
• (b) There is authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator to carry out this section $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024.